Bergen borders the municipalities Alver and Ostery to the north, Vaksdal and Samnanger to the east, Os (Bjrnafjorden) and Austevoll to the south, and ygarden and Asky to the west. [60] The workers' homes in this area were poorly built, and little remains after large-scale redevelopment in the 1960s1980s. For other uses, see, City and municipality in Western Norway, Norway. In addition, 8.1% were first or second generation immigrants of Western background and 7.4% were first or second generation immigrants of non-Western background. [124] The main motorways consist of E39, which runs northsouth through the municipality, E16, which runs eastwards, and National Road 555, which runs westwards. 1 January 2012", "Innvandrere og norskfdte med innvandrerforeldre i 13 kommuner, page 476", So Paulo: The City With No Outdoor Advertisements, "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2019 Nordland", "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)", "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 Hordaland", "Bydeler i Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger og Trondheim", "Lokaldemokratiets utvikling 1814 2014", "Statistics Norway Population, by sex and age. In 1413 another fire struck the city, and 14 churches were destroyed. Bergen is the southern terminus of Hurtigruten, the Coastal Express, which operates with daily services along the coast to Kirkenes. In 1972 the municipality absorbed four surrounding municipalities and became a part of Hordaland county. [118] Bergen Port, operated by Bergen Port Authority, is the largest seaport in Norway. As of 2021[update], its population is roughly 285,900. Mhlenpris, Nordnes, Nygrd, Nstet, Sandviken. [105], The Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, which has its main campus in Kronstad, has 16,000 students and 1800 staff. Each year Bergen sells the Christmas Tree seen in Newcastle's Haymarket as a sign of the ongoing friendship between the sister cities. The Rs are uvular trills, as in French, which probably spread to Bergen some time in the 18th century, overtaking the alveolar trill in the time span of two to three generations. Bergen is also known as the "black metal capital of Norway", due to its role in the early Norwegian black metal scene and the amount of acts to come from the city in the early 1990s.[150]. This led to large parts of the German-inspired vocabulary disappearing and pronunciations shifting slightly towards East Norwegian. It provides research and advice relating to ecosystems and aquaculture. [104] The main campus is located in the city centre. [147] FK Fyllingsdalen is the city's second-best team, playing in the Second Division at Varden Amfi. It served as Norway's capital in the 13th century, and from the end of the 13th century became a bureau city of the Hanseatic League. In 1756, yet another fire at Strandsiden burned down 1,500 buildings, and further great fires hit Strandsiden in 1771 and 1901. It is now placed in the Nordnes Park and gazes out over the sea towards the friendship city far to the west. [55], The oldest part of Bergen is the area around the bay of Vgen in the city centre. As of 1 January 1986, there were 2,870 people with a non-Western immigrant background in Bergen. Four large bridges connect Bergen to its suburban municipalities. Compared to areas behind the mountains on the Scandinavian peninsula, Bergen is much wetter and has a more narrow range of temperature, with mild summers and cool winters. Bergen is the seat of the Diocese of Bjrgvin with Bergen Cathedral as its centrepiece, while St John's Church is the city's most prominent.

rstad, inner Laksevg and Sandviken), the majority of the population lives in relatively sparsely populated residential areas built after 1950. Other newspapers published in Bergen include the Christian national Dagen, with a circulation of 8.936,[136] and TradeWinds, an international shipping newspaper. [10] The Hanseatic merchants lived in their own separate quarter of the town, where Middle Low German was used, enjoying exclusive rights to trade with the northern fishermen who each summer sailed to Bergen. The city of Bergen was traditionally thought to have been founded by king Olav Kyrre, son of Harald Hardrde in 1070AD,[6] four years after the Viking Age in England ended with the Battle of Stamford Bridge. Fyllingsdalen), others are dominated by single-family homes. From 2000 to 2004, the former organizational form with eight politically chosen local administrations was again in use and from 2008 through to 2010, a similar form existed where the local administrations had less power than previously. [28] Gullfjellet is Bergen's highest mountain, at 987 metres (3,238ft) above mean sea level.[29]. [119] [47] Other urban areas, as defined by Statistics Norway, consist of Indre Arna (6,536 residents on 1 January 2012), Fanahammeren (3,690), Ytre Arna (2,626), Hylkje (2,277) and Espeland (2,182).[47]. Its predecessor, Fyllingen, played in the Norwegian Premier League in 1990, 1991 and 1993. [61], Demolition of old buildings and occasionally whole city blocks is still taking place, the most recent major example being the 2007 razing of Jonsvollskvartalet at Nstet.[64]. [31] The highest temperature ever recorded was 33.4C (92.1F) on 26 July 2019,[32] beating the previous record from 2018 at 32.6 degrees, and the lowest was 16.3C (2.7F) in January 1987. The municipality covers an area of 465 square kilometres (180 square miles). Of these, 50.2% have background from Europe, 28.9% from Asia, 13.1% from Africa, 5.5% from Latin America, 1.9% from North America, and 0.4% from Oceania. by Lothar Lindtner and Rolf Berntzen on an album in 1977. [95], The population of the (now defunct) borough, numbered in 1994 more than 18,000 people. In 1665, the city's harbour was the site of the Battle of Vgen, when an English naval flotilla attacked a Dutch merchant and treasure fleet supported by the city's garrison. In 1198, the Bagler faction set fire to the city in connection with a battle against the Birkebeiner faction during the civil war. [12] Today, Bergen's old quayside, Bryggen, is on UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites.[13]. The city centre is located in Bergenhus. Bergen. Bergen is the main base for the Royal Norwegian Navy (at Haakonsvern) and its international airport Flesland is the main heliport for the Norwegian North Sea oil and gas industry, from where thousands of offshore workers commute to their work places onboard oil and gas rigs and platforms. Bergen retained its monopoly of trade with northern Norway until 1789. [136] TV 2, Norway's largest private television company, is based in Bergen. [49] In 2007, there were 104.6 men for every 100 women in the age group of 2039. [143][144] The city's Hanseatic heritage is documented in the Hanseatic Museum located at Bryggen.[145]. Summer temperatures sometimes reach the upper 20s, temperatures over 30C were previously only seen a few days each decade. It has a staff of 700 people.[111]. The growing season in Bergen is exceptionally long for its latitude, with more than 200 days. Sentrum (literally, "Centre") was a borough (with the same name as a present-day neighbourhood). The population was stagnant, and the city limits were narrow. The Norwegian Institute of Marine Research has been located in Bergen since 1900. Owing to an improved literacy rate, Bergensk was influenced by riksml and bokml in the 19th and 20th centuries. It was the playwright Ludvig Holberg who felt so inspired by the seven hills of Rome, that he decided that his home town must be blessed with a corresponding seven mountains and locals still argue which seven they are. the same name as a present-day neighbourhood, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, List of twin towns and sister cities in Norway, "Forskrift om mlvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar", "01222: Population and changes during the quarter, by region, contents and quarter", "Indigenous and Early Fisheries in North-Norway", "7. oktober 1754 fra et hanseatisk kontor til et norsk kontor med hanseater", 'Scottish Immigration to Bergen in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries', Alexia Grosjean &, "Innvandring 16002000, Arkivenes dag 2002", "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen", "Prosjektbeskrivelse for det historiske forskningsprosjektet SABORG I BERGEN", "Death in Ice Valley: New clues in a Norwegian mystery", "N er 33,4 den nye varmerekorden i Bergen", "Europe and the United Kingdom Average Yearly Annual Precipitation", "Over 1600 soltimer i Bergen i fjor trass i elendig vr i skoleferien", "rstadposten Nytt fra rstad siden 1993", "Mto climat stats | Moyennes 1981/2010 / Donnes Mtorologiques Gratuites", "BERGEN FLORIDA Climate Normals: 19611990", "Tabell 6 Folkemengde per 1. januar, etter fylke og kommune. Summers tend to be significantly more variable. [122] Fjord Line operates a cruiseferry service to Hirtshals, Denmark. [92], Local borough administrations have varied since Bergen's expansion in 1972. Urban district", "Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration (NHH)", "The University of Bergen is 70 years old", "FT.com / Business Education / Masters in management", "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2004", "Velkommen til Bergen havn "Inngangen til Fjordene", "Avisenes leser- og opplagstall for 2006", "Bergen, City of Gastronomy Havbyen Bergen", "Fikk Banksy-bilder som takk for overnatting", "Bergenkommune.no Graffiti og gatekunst i kulturbyen Bergen Utredning og handlingsplan for perioden 20112015", "Bergen kommune International relations Sister Cities", "Seattle International Sister City: Bergen, Norway", Most populous metropolitan areas in Norway, Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bergen&oldid=1098856476, Populated places established in the 11th century, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, CS1 Norwegian Bokml-language sources (nb), Articles with dead external links from October 2016, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from January 2012, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Pages using infobox settlement with embed, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from January 2019, Articles containing Norwegian-language text, Articles containing Old Norse-language text, Articles containing Icelandic-language text, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2015, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from December 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2017, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2020, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 17 July 2022, at 20:32. Temperatures below 10C (14F) are rare. [130], Bergen is one of the smallest cities in Europe to have both tram and trolleybus electric urban transport systems simultaneously. Bergen has an oceanic climate (Kppen: Cfb), with plentiful rainfall in all seasons; with intermittent snowfall during winter, but the snow usually melts quickly in the city. Its mild winters and proximity to the Gulf stream move the plant hardiness zone between 8b and 9a depending on location. The monument was erected in 1990 by sculptor Kari Rolfsen, supported by an anonymous donor. The city consists of eight boroughs: Arna, Bergenhus, Fana, Fyllingsdalen, Laksevg, Ytrebygda, rstad, and sane. SK Brann is Bergen's premier football team; founded in 1908, they have played in the (men's) Norwegian Premier League for all but seven years since 1963 and consecutively, except one season after relegation in 2014, since 1987. The national average is 138.0% and 4.2%. In January 2006, people with a non-Western immigrant background accounted for 6 percent of the population in Bergen. [4] The city's main football team is SK Brann and a unique tradition of the city is the buekorps. The immigrant population in Bergen in the period 19932008 increased by 119.7%, while the ethnic Norwegian population grew by 8.1% during the same period. Bergen is pronounced in English /brn/ or /brn/ and in Norwegian [brn] (listen) (in the local dialect [bn]). These bands include Ryksopp and Kings of Convenience on the small, Bergen-based record label Tell Records, as well as related side-projects, such as The Whitest Boy Alive and Kommode, on independent labels. The plans involved demolition of several neighbourhoods of wooden houses, namely Nordnes, Marken, and Stlen. City and municipality in Vestland, Western Norway, This article is about the city in Norway. Banks Sbanken and Sparebanken Vest are headquartered in the city. Bergen received a totem pole as a gift of friendship from the city of Seattle on the city's 900th anniversary in 1970. In 2011, the port saw 264 cruise calls with 350,248 visitors,[120] In 2009, the port handled 56million tonnes of cargo, making it the ninth-busiest cargo port in Europe. Until 1789, Bergen enjoyed exclusive rights to mediate trade between Northern Norway and abroad and it was the largest city in Norway until the 1830s when it was overtaken by the capital, Christiania (now known as Oslo). Arna-Bjrnar and Sandviken play in the Women's Premier League. As of 2012, the state church is followed by 52,059 irreligious,[52] 4,947 members of various Protestant free churches, 3,873 actively registered Catholics,[53][54] 2,707 registered Muslims, 816 registered Hindus, 255 registered Russian Orthodox and 147 registered Oriental Orthodox. The trolleybus system in Bergen is the only one still in operation in Norway and one of two trolleybus systems in Scandinavia.[132]. Bergen is sheltered from the North Sea by the islands Asky, Holsny (the municipality of Meland) and Sotra (the municipalities of Fjell and Sund). [134] Extensions to other boroughs may occur later. The city is also a member of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network in the category of gastronomy since 2015. The Church of Norway is the largest denomination in Bergen, with 201,006 (79.74%) registered adherents in 2012. The hotels in the city may be full at times,[114][115] due to the increasing number of tourists and conferences. The first element is berg (n.) or bjrg (n.), which translates as 'mountain(s)'. There are four major bridges connecting Bergen to neighbouring municipalities: the Nordhordland Bridge,[125] the Asky Bridge,[126] the Sotra Bridge[127] and the Ostery Bridge. Bergen connects to the island of Bjory via the subsea Bjory Tunnel. In August 2004, Time magazine named the city one of Europe's 14 "secret capitals"[112] where Bergen's capital reign is acknowledged within maritime businesses and activities such as aquaculture and marine research, with the Institute of Marine Research (IMR) (the second-largest oceanography research centre in Europe) as a leading institution. In 1751, there was a great fire at Vgsbunnen. The municipality covers 465 square kilometres (180sqmi) and is on the peninsula of Bergenshalvyen. Bergen Port is Norway's busiest in terms of both freight and passengers, with over 300 cruise ship calls a year bringing nearly a half a million passengers to Bergen,[3] a number that has doubled in 10 years. [61] After the surrounding municipalities were merged with Bergen in 1972, expansion has continued in largely the same manner, although the municipality encourages condensing near commercial centres, future Bergen Light Rail stations, and elsewhere. [20] The rural municipality of rstad was merged with Bergen on 1 July 1915. In 1686 another great fire hit Strandsiden, destroying 231 city blocks and 218 boathouses.

The Bergen School of Meteorology was developed at the Geophysical Institute starting in 1917, the Norwegian School of Economics was founded in 1936, and the University of Bergen in 1946. [117] Passenger catamarans run from Bergen south to Leirvik and Sunnhordland, and north to Sognefjord and Nordfjord. [148], The 1986 edition of the Eurovision Song Contest took place in Bergen. [37] A new sunrecorder was established by met.no at Bergen Airport Flesland (less terrain obscuring the sun) in December 2015, and this recorded on average 1,598 hours of sun annually during 20162020. The city centre of Bergen lies in the west of the municipality, facing the fjord of Byfjorden. The 1,500-seat Grieg Hall is the city's main cultural venue,[137] and home of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra, founded in 1765,[138] and the Bergen Woodwind Quintet. The city lost its status as a separate county on the same date,[25] and Bergen is now a municipality, in the county of Vestland. [100], The "Bergen School of Meteorology" was developed at the Geophysical Institute beginning in 1917, the Norwegian School of Economics was founded in 1936, and the University of Bergen in 1946.