It was 0.65km2 (0.25sqmi) in 1895, but was extended to encompass 20km2 (7.7sqmi) in 1903. In its pewter-smithing workshop, "The School of Hard Knocks", participants are taught to create their own pewter dish using traditional tools and methods. [52], A railway line between Kuala Lumpur and Klang, initiated by Swettenham and completed in 1886, increased access and resulted in rapid growth. The Chinese mainly settled around the commercial centre of Market Square. Islam is practised primarily by the Malays, the Indian Muslim communities and a small number of Chinese Muslims. Kuala Lumpur had seen a number of civil disturbances over the years. [107] The MATRADE agency is also the owner of the Malaysia International Trade And Exhibition Centre (MITEC), the largest trade and exhibition centre of Malaysia, which is a component of the larger KL Metropolis development situated in the suburb of Segambut. Kuala Lumpur also is becoming the centre for new media, innovation and creative industry development in the region and hosts the international creative industry event Kreative.Asia, which gathers local, regional and international experts in the creative industry who are involved in the creation, development and delivery of interactive content, arts, community and applications. [139] A relatively young city compared with other Southeast Asian capitals such as Bangkok, Jakarta and Manila, most of Kuala Lumpur's notable colonial-era buildings were built toward the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries. [122] A significant component of the Malay population in Kuala Lumpur of this period consisted of Malays recruited by the British in 1880, mostly from rural Malacca, to establish a police force of 2300, many of whom brought their families. [147] These residual forest areas are home to a number of fauna species, particularly monkeys, treeshrews, pygmy goats, budgerigars, squirrels and birds. [78] The municipality covers an area of 243km2 (94sqmi),[2] with an average elevation of 81.95m (268ft 10in).[79]. [56] The commercial activities of Kuala Lumpur had been run to a large extent by Chinese businessmen such as Loke Yew, who was then the richest and most influential Chinese in Kuala Lumpur. [176], Books set in Kuala Lumpur include KL 24/7 by Ida M Rahim, Shireen Zainudin and Rizal Zainudin,[177] My Life As a Fake by Peter Carey, and Democracy by Joan Didion.[178]. The major tourist destinations in Kuala Lumpur include the Petronas Twin Towers, the Bukit Bintang shopping district, the Kuala Lumpur Tower, Petaling Street (Chinatown), the Merdeka Square, the Kuala Lumpur railway station, the House of Parliament building, the National Palace (Istana Negara), the National Planetarium, the National Science Centre, the National Art Gallery (Balai Seni Negara), the National Theatre (Istana Budaya), the National Museum, the Royal Museum, the National Textile Museum, Islamic Arts Museum, Telekom Museum, Royal Malaysian Police Museum, the National Mosque of Malaysia (Masjid Negara), Federal Territory Mosque (Masjid Wilayah), Sultan Abdul Samad Building, DBKL City Theatre (Panggung Bandaraya), Medan Pasar, Central Market, KL Bird Park, KL Butterfly Park, Aquaria KLCC, River of Life KL, Saloma Link, the National Monument, and religious sites such as the Sultan Abdul Samad Jamek Mosque, Thean Hou Temple and Buddhist Maha Vihara in Brickfields. Indians traditionally adhere to Hinduism. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Kuala Lumpur became established as a town circa 1857,[28] when the Malay Chief of Klang, Raja Abdullah bin Raja Jaafar, aided by his brother Raja Juma'at of Lukut, raised funds from Malaccan Chinese businessmen to hire Chinese miners from Lukut to open new tin mines there. 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The slump lasted until late 1879, when rising prices for tin allowed the town to recover. The city's basketball supporters cheered Malaysia's national basketball team to a Final Four finish in 1985, the team's best performance to date. [157] Royal Selangor has an ultra modern visitor's centre, which allows tours to be conducted through its pewter museum, gallery and factory. [119] Cantonese and Mandarin are prominent, as they are spoken by the local majority Chinese population. [45][46] Yap, together with Frank Swettenham who was appointed the Resident in 1882, were the two most important figures of early Kuala Lumpur with Swettenham credited with its rapid growth and development and its transformation into a major urban centre. [141] Examples of these buildings are Telekom Tower, Maybank Tower, Dayabumi Complex, and the Islamic Centre. The mega sale event is held three times a year in March, May and December in which all shopping malls are encouraged to participate to boost Kuala Lumpur as a leading shopping destination in Asia which has been maintained until present with new mega sales.[116]. The Parliament consists of the Dewan Negara (Upper House / House of Senate) and Dewan Rakyat (Lower House / House of Representatives). Pasar Seni (Central Market), known for its art and craft souvenirs based on Malaysian culture. [21], It has also been proposed that Kuala Lumpur was originally named Pengkalan Lumpur ("muddy landing place") in the same way that Klang was once called Pengkalan Batu ("stone landing place"), but became corrupted into Kuala Lumpur. [58] Kuala Lumpur grew during the war, and continued after the war during the Malayan Emergency (1948-1960), during which Malaya was preoccupied with a communist insurgency and New Villages were established on the outskirts of the city. [28], A census in 1891 of uncertain accuracy gave a figure of 43,796 inhabitants, 79% of whom were Chinese (71% of the Chinese were Hakka ), 14% Malay, and 6% Indian. The Perdana Botanical Garden or Lake Gardens, a 92-hectare (230-acre) botanical garden, was the first recreational park created in Kuala Lumpur. [173], Kuala Lumpur hosted the 128th IOC Session in 2015 where the IOC elected Beijing as the host city of the 2022 Winter Olympics[174] and Lausanne as the host city of the 2020 Winter Youth Olympics.[175]. Suria KLCC, located between the Petronas Twin Towers. [47][49] Kapitan Yap Ah Loy bought a sprawling piece of real estate to set up a brick factory for the rebuilding of Kuala Lumpur, the eponymous Brickfields. Buildings with all-glass shells exist throughout the city, with the most prominent examples being the Petronas Towers and Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre. The TRX's landmark and prominent building is The Exchange 106 tower. [38] The third Chinese Kapitan of Kuala Lumpur, Yap Ah Loy, was appointed in 1868. Established in 1949, it is the oldest university in Malaysia, and one of the oldest in the region. The National Art Gallery serves as a centre of excellence and is a trustee of the national art heritage. Abdul-Razzaq Lubis, 'Sutan Puasa: The Founder of Kuala Lumpur', Nelmawarni Bungo, Nordin Hussin; Merantau ke Kuala Lumpur: Tradisi merantau dan berdagang masyarakat Minang, 2011, Mohd Nizam Sahad, Che Zarrina binti Sa'ari; Sejarah Sistem Pendidikan Islam di Kuala Lumpur, Jurnal Al-Tamaddun Bil. Kuala Lumpur is at the forefront of the convergence of media, art, culture and communications. Kuala Lumpur however still retained its legislative function,[70] and remained the home of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Constitutional King). The non-Malay bumiputera community are predominantly Christians (44.9%), with significant minorities identifying as Muslims (31.2%) and Buddhists (13.5%). Kuala Lumpur is served by two airports. Chinatown features many pre-independence buildings with Straits Chinese and colonial architectural influences. On June 18, 2020, Rapid Bus released a new feature: real-time location of bus in Google Maps, via collaboration with Google Transit.[198][199][200][201]. According to the World Tallest 50 Urban Agglomeration 2010 Projection by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, Kuala Lumpur ranks 10th among cities that have most buildings above 100 metres with a combined height of 34,035 metres from its 244 high rise buildings.[145]. [156] The museum's collection not only concentrates on works from the Middle East, but also includes work from elsewhere in Asia, such as China and Southeast Asia.

With economic development, old buildings such as Bok House have been razed to make way for new ones.

The AFC Housecurrent headquarters of the Asian Football Confederationis built on a 4-acre (1.6ha) complex in the Kuala Lumpur suburb of Bukit Jalil. [21], Sultanate of Selangor 18571974 The park includes a butterfly park, deer park, orchid garden, a hibiscus garden, and the Kuala Lumpur Bird Park, which is the world's largest aviary bird park. The annual Malaysia Open Super Series badminton tournament is held in Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur first developed around 1857 as a town serving the tin mines of the region and served as the capital of Selangor from 1880 until 1978. KLIA2 is served by an extension of the KLIA Ekspres and by a free shuttle bus service from KLIA. The first LRT line was opened in 1996 and the system has since expanded to three lines, which opened in 1998 and 1999. These systems were fully implemented by May 27, 2019. Kuala Lumpur is also one of the stages of the Tour de Langkawi cycling race.[172]. [15] Kuala Lumpur was named World Book Capital 2020 by UNESCO. Prasarana Malaysia has adopted the hub and spoke system to provide greater connectivity, and reduce the need for more buses. This institution covers studies for the army, navy, and air force.[154]. [158] The Kuala Lumpur Performing Arts Centre (KLPac) in Sentul West and Damansara Performing Arts Centre (DPac) in Damansara Perdana are two of the most established centres in the country for the performing arts, notably theatre, plays, music, and film screening.