XML documentation comments. January 04, 2022 Minimalistic APIs mean less code to maintain. For example, if we use the application/json, we can use the aforementioned attributes to decorate our controller, as shown in the following code example. Finally, we should include the XML comments in our controller actions using triple slashes. However, if you paste Swagger JSON into the editor, itll be automatically transformed for you. Often, an API specification also becomes the documentation of the API. Like so if we are able to specify REST contract following OpenAPI specification then we could use Swagger CodeGen to create server stubs and client SDKs. Because we did not implement the UserApiDelegate interface and the UserApiController used the default one, which returns HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED. The latest stable version jar can be downloaded from Swagger Codegen. SWAGGER In my opinion, generating the OpenAPI Specification with Maven plugin instead of Swagger Editor is the better choice. This page will help you to use Swagger within Apiary ecosystem. Gradle is a build automation tool that supports multi-language development. With the operationId, we can define a unique identifier for the operation. In this article, we will use some of them. The template contains a NuGet dependency on Swashbuckle, register services, and add the necessary middlewares to generate a basic OpenAPI definition file and serve it in a Web UI (via the Swagger UI tool).
You can find the source code of the extensions and examples in GitHub. .NET Nakama (2021, December 4). I mean I have rest sprint boot rest api source classes in another directory. The problem with this approach is that makes it harder to group endpoints if they are located on different controllers. In this case we refer to the User schema object (see the next section about Components). The following figure shows a Swagger UI example for an API with two versions containing essential information.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env), //Display the OperationID (ActionName) in the UI, //Load the document generated by AddSwaggerGen() inside ConfigureServices(). Alternatively, you can simply paste your Swagger document into Apiary Editor. In our case, the contract is the API specification.
For example, we can create valuable request and response examples with valid data, including security requirements, custom request and response headers, etc. To make it easier to follow, well split the discussion into separate parts of the YAML document were creating. FLUENT VALIDATION. Good news, this standard exists and is called OpenAPI Specification (OAS), based initially on the Swagger Specification. The structure of the extracted XML documentation is defined in C# by using XML documentation comments. Next run the project and open Swagger UI accessible at, Now lets access the default implemented service , REST Client Response: Snapshot of Postman client. This way, we would reduce the time to a first hello world (TTFHW) call (i.e., the time to integrate with our Web API). ASP.NET CORE Our API endpoints may require authorization (using the [Authorize] attribute) or allow anonymous requests. However, when this option is enabled, the compiler will generate CS1591 warnings for any public members in our project without XML documentation comments. Include additional HTTP status codes. https://swagger.io/docs/specification/about/, https://github.com/swagger-api/swagger-codegen, https://swagger.io/docs/swagger-tools/#installation-11, https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/master/versions/2.0.md, Download Swagger Generated API Source code, AJAX Powered API Consumer with RESTEasy JSAPI, Testing Authentication with Jersey REST Client, Consume Dropwizard REST APIs with Jersey/HTTP Client. directly to our source code. Notice the effort it is saving to integrate Swagger, also this is quite useful to get structured code ready during implementation of any new API. Based on the specification outcome, right pane will show the UI documentation of Swagger. It also enables teams to work in parallel. To support API documentation for multiple versions, we need to install the Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Versioning.ApiExplorer NuGet package. Save the specification as yaml file from editor. OpenAPI uses the concept of tags to group endpoints related to the same resource type, each tag will represent a group in the swagger ui. Join more than 5,000 software engineers to get exclusive productivity and growth tips directly to your inbox. I suggest that you change the adblock detector, i disabled all the adblocker on this domain but it still remove the sources link. To provide security information about the authorization scheme we are using (e.g., JWT Bearer), we can define it by using the following source code in the ConfigureSwaggerSwashbuckle.cs file. Next, well describe some paths. So, to enable the GenerateDocumentationFile option and stop the CS1591 warnings we should: Next, we need to include the XML documentation comments in the OpenAPI definition file. ASP.NET Core updates in .NET 6 Preview 7. This way, multiple actions(endpoints) found inside the same controller will be grouped in the same tag. The fields should be pretty self-explanatory. (2021) article. It requires the controller to be decorated with the attribute ApiExplorerSettingsAttribute, the GroupName to be set to the Tag expected in swagger as below. The Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Filters NuGet package provides several functionalities that significantly improve our API documentation. Take a look at choosing API Description format. newsletter. Lets start our application and hit the GET endpoint /v2/user/{username}. We can think about it as our method name. c.TagActionsBy((api) => new[] { api.GroupName ?? To automatically generate code documentation from comments, start by reading Wagner and Warrens (2021) article. Taking a look into the folder target/generated-sources/openapi/src/main/java/io/reflectoring/model, we find the code for the User model we defined in our YAML: The generator does not only generate the models but also the endpoints. Via API description languages, teams can collaborate without having implemented anything, yet. Powered by Jekyll & Long Haul, Open Visual Studio 2022 (you can download it from, The Web API project with OpenAPI support is ready ! In earlier step,we have saved the specification in yaml format. All rights reserved. To create API contract, lets use online Swagger Editor for the sake of simplicity. Copyright 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Where the API-first approach shines is on building a better API. It is helpful to build, test, publish, and deploy software on any platform. In practice, in an ASP .NET Core project, we use specific Attributes and XML comments to define all the needed information (e.g., HTTP response codes, information messages, etc.) Therefore, a Code documentation will provide information about our projects, classes, constructors, methods, etc.
Remember that we could only generate the JSON files and serve them (e.g., with Swagger UI) in a separate project. After saving your document, our interactive documentation and Mock server will be immediately available for you. In an ASP .NET Core project, we use specific Attributes and XML comments to define all the needed information (e.g., HTTP response codes, information messages, etc.) After successful execution of above command, a Spring boot maven projectspring-swagger-codegen-employee will be created. In the case of Web APIs, we would like to document the following: It would be nice to have a standardized way of describing Web APIs, to allow both humans and computers to generate, discover and understand its capabilities without requiring access to the source code.
In the examples of the following sections, we will use the Swashbuckle tools. To further generate source code, this swagger.yaml file will be the source of input. Once the UI is loaded, the documents registered by SwaggerEndpoint() will be loaded. Thats the only way we can improve. This site uses cookies to track analytics. Lets access the REST service through Swagger and REST client to see the default response. A better alternative is to generate the code from within a Maven build with the OpenAPI Maven plugin. Most of the web today exchanges data in JSON format. To start working on an integration between components or systems, a team needs a contract. And register the new endpoint in the UI like below: When multiple versions are available, might be useful to register a general spec with all endpoints. In the following source code example, we return an example for the SampleRequest class, shown in Figure 7. Swagger can be integrated with REST APIs in below ways: In this post we will learn how to go ahead with top-down approach. We can automatically generate a JSON or YAML document (or set of documents) that describes our API by using this information. You can also download and install the same. Swagger is developed by SmartBear software and comes with tools like Swagger Editor, Swagger CodeGen, Swagger UI & Swagger Inspector. I also tried to create a server stub from the swagger-codegen-cli and from the swagger -ui and I am able to see request/ respose when posted a application/json request. In Figure 5, we can see an example where the API endpoint could return its five possible HTTP status codes (200, 400, 409, 500, and 503). more than 150 reviews on Amazon We start with some general information about our API at the top of our document: The openapi field allows us to define the version of the OpenAPI spec that our document follows. Do we need to do something extra to support application/xml while generating stub? I have created some extension methods that group all the necessary actions for that purpose. After registration, you are are redirected to welcome page where you can choose name and format of the API. However, if we want to apply security on the whole project, we just need to specify it as a top-level field: Now, all of our paths should be secured with the api_key scheme. To create contract first have some understanding of OpenAPI specification. However, we will see more ways to enrich our API documentation in the following sections. Annotate controllers with endpoint details to group in the right spec. We are currently working on ways around this, and have used vendor extensions in one place to provide this additional functionality. Swagger is an open source software to build standard documentation in a human readable format for REST APIs. You can browse the example code on GitHub. Simply running the command ./mvnw install will generate code that implements our OpenAPI specification! In the ConfigureSwaggerSwashbuckleOptions.cs file, we can configure the basic information (e.g., title, description, license, etc.) If you want to learn more details about the OpenAPI-Specification you can visit the Github repository. There two possible ways to make use of security schemes. The AddApiVersioningConfigured extension (can be found in ConfigureApiVersioning.cs) has been updated (in comparison with the one provided in article .NET Nakama (2021, December) to support versioning on our documentation. Tags have limited support. ///
Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. It also creates a UserApi interface which delegates calls to UserApiDelegate: The generator also creates a Spring controller for us that implements the UserApi interface: Spring will inject our implementation of UserApiDelegate into the controllers constructor if it finds it in the application context. Swagger provides utility jar to generate client REST clients for different programming languages and framework. Lets take a look at the folder structure.
To configure the Swagger UI, spec path along with the name of the spec must be passed in the SwaggerEndpoint() method within the UseSwaggerUI() extension. You have a free swagger when you sign up. Otherwise, the default implementation will be used. For this tutorial, were using the spring generator. The following code has to be added to the swagger doc generation: The swagger configuration is complete and the swagger ui should be available as below. to describe our Web API to our consumers. // Enable middleware to serve Swagger-UI (HTML, JS, CSS, etc.) For registering multiple spec versions, simply register multiple document generations by calling the .AddSwaggerGen(c => ) multiple times, changing just the document filter from /v1 to the version desired. // Configure the API versioning properties of the project. // This method gets called by the runtime. The summary is a short description of what the operation does. Drop me your questions if you have any query. This article showed how to use the Swashbuckle tools to create API documentation in an ASP.NET Core project (new or existing) with enriched information. In addition, however, we may want to provide documentation for our source code to help developers improve and maintain it. If you liked this article (or not), do not hesitate to leave comments, questions, suggestions, complaints, or just say Hi in the section below. Lets take a quick look at what we generated: Of course, the generator cannot generate our business logic for us, but it does generate interfaces like UserApiDelegate above for us to implement. So lets think about our consumers and create beautiful and valuable Web API documentation for them. // Set the comments path for the XmlComments file. "You can't just keep it simple. I chose to use a multi-module maven project, where we have two projects: For the sake of simplicity, we omit the test folders. Put the above specification in Swagger editor left pane and see the Swagger documentation visually. Add the UseSwagger() middleware in our Program.cs file to serve the generated OpenAPI definition(s) as JSON files and the UseSwaggerUI() middleware to server the Swagger-UI for all discovered API versions. You can change the format of the API any time by entering the API Description code in your chosen format. By default, those endpoints would return HTTP status 501 (Not Implemented).
Lets assume that our current project serves API with multiple versions, and we would like to provide OpenAPI Documentation for all versions. Coroutines are a design pattern for writing asynchronous programs for running multiple tasks concurrently. Update the controller actions to specify the possible response codes and their response types (if any) by using the, Read the examples for the current assembly by registering the. Then comes some additional metadata about our API: The tags section provides fields for additional metadata which we can use to make our API more readable and easier to follow. Cant choose between API Blueprint or Swagger? We will see how this can be done to have basic implementation of intended REST service. The OpenAPI Maven plugin allows us to generate boilerplate code for Spring Boot from such a specification so that we only need to implement the business logic ourselves. For that purpose, we will use the project that we created in .NET Nakama (2021, December). I already checked my swagger-yaml file the api definitions has consumes and produces both application/xml and application/json present. In .NET 6.0, there is no, Click the start debugging button (or Debug menu > Start Debugging), and our app will show the Swagger UI in a browser. Save $12.00 by joining the Stratospheric newsletter. By subscribing, I accept the privacy rules of this site. Dont worry. In the following example, we serve the API documentation only in the development environment. ApiGroup is a concept introduced in ASP.NET Core. Within the info section, we add some information about our API. Provide examples with real-life data (not auto-generated with dummy data). To group endpoints pass the group predicate to the method c.TagActionsBy(). In the following sections, we will see in detail several enrichment scenarios. Therefore, an easy and automatic process as much as possible would be a great help. To provide request and response examples with valuable and valid data, we should: Then we can implement the IExamplesProvider interface for our data transfer classes (request and response). Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Recommended XML tags for C# documentation comments. Let us know if you liked the post. To facilitate it, Swagger CodeGen tool is used. The two main OpenAPI implementations for .NET are Swashbuckle and NSwag. WEB API DOCUMENTATION For more information about the recommended XML tags for C#, read Wagner B., et al. and Goodreads. In the securitySchemes section, we can define security schemes that can be used by the operations. We chose this top-down approach because mindmaps are easier to work with business people. Our next step is to register some services and add some middlewares. Having defined an API, well now create code from the YAML document above. In this article, we will learn about Web API documentation, how we can automatically generate it in ASP .NET Core and how to provide enriched information by offering examples, documentation per different versions, and many more . The OpenAPI Specification provides a standardized way of describing Web APIs to allow both humans and computers to generate, discover and understand the API capabilities. In addition, we can see an example of the Program.cs file here. In the following instructions, we will see how to create a new Web API project with enabled OpenAPI support. Lets create our own OpenAPI specification in a YAML document. Add the following PropertyGroup section (or include the options in an existing PropertyGroup). To enrich the response metadata for a given action method, we should: In the following code example, we set the response description of the success HTTP status code in the response tag. Please note that Apiary currently only supports Swagger 2.0. Omit for brevity }. We can exclude these warnings by including them in the NoWarn option. To avoid this problem, Swagger can be configured to group the endpoints by ApiGroup. The essential OpenAPI tools that we would need are a) a tool to generate the OpenAPI definition and b) a tool to generate the API documentation (as a web page, PDF, etc.). While there are things we do not support, there are also things we support that Swagger cannot handle. Open Spring tool suite and import as maven project we created in last step. Following an API-first approach, we specify an API before we start coding. For example, we could perform the actions shown in the following figure and list. API Documentation generation tools (e.g.. Set the appropriate response media type (e.g., application/json). /// Get a list with all "
Finally, the responses object allows us to define the outcomes of an operation. For example, if we change the specification and generate it again, we only have to implement the newly generated methods. In addition, we can manually test our API using these features just by using the Swagger UI without modifying the auto-generated request. Wagner B., et al. We can perform that by using the following OperationFilter in the ConfigureSwaggerSwashbuckle.cs file as shown below: An Web API documentation provides the necessary information (e.g., endpoints, data contracts, etc.) Lets go over to Swagger Editor and paste our YAML file into it. First, we can add a security scheme to a specific operation using the security field: In the above example we explicitly specify that the path /user/{username} is secured with the api_key scheme we defined above. I thought you could be interrested in our new tool that generates swagger from mindmappings. Our app is a simple Spring Boot project that we can automatically generate on start.spring.io, so lets focus on the pom.xml from the specification module, where we configure Example: \"bearer {token}\"", All about Web API Versioning in ASP.NET Core, .NET IdempotentAPI 1.0.0 Release Candidate, Create a New Web API in .NET 6.0 with OpenAPI Enabled, Provide OpenAPI Documentation in Existing Project, Enrich Documentation via XML Comments and Attributes, Generate and Read Documentation Comments (XML), Define Media Types (Consumed and Produced), Input-Validation in API Documentation (Data Annotations and Fluent), Mark Endpoints that Require Authorization, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Versioning.ApiExplorer, MicroElements.Swashbuckle.FluentValidation, https://www.dotnetnakama.com/blog/all-about-web-api-versioning-in-asp-dotnet-core/, https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/asp-net-core-updates-in-net-6-preview-7/#minimal-host-and-template-improvements, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/xmldoc/, https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/xmldoc/recommended-tags. Keeping the API documentation up to date to reflect the software changes is challenging and requires time and effort. First, the code that was generated for me is using Java 7 and Spring Boot 1.5.22, both of which are quite outdated. As we can understand, it would be helpful to distinguish these cases in our Swagger UI.