Investigated potential Communists or those suspected of having Communist ties. National Security Council report issued in 1950. However, the only successes came in raising the minimum wage, When Russian and American forces withdrew from Korea, they had left, Then, on June 25, 1950, North Korean forces suddenly invaded South, Truman sprang to action, remembering that the League of Nations had, Truman also used a Soviet absence from the U.N. to label North. Responsible for collecting info through open and convert methods. Case where the court failed to declare pupil placement laws, which allowed placement be determined by scholastic ability and behavior, which maintained segregation unconstitutional. Continued for 10 months, and nearly 2.5 million tons of material transported, keeping 2 million people alive. Vx In fact, in the 1950s, California overtook New York as the most populous state. The speech allowed VP Nixon to explain away allegations of accepting bribes (having a fund for campaign backers), such as Checkers the dog. 12 nations signed agreement creating North Atlantic Treaty Organization, declaring that an armed attack against one member would be considered an attack against all. "\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\mailto:shoge@wwnorton.com?subject=Give Me Libe"+ Cuban Missile Crisis Summer of 1962. A neighbor, Kramer (Kraemer) sued them. The plan sent $12.5 billion over four years to 16 cooperating, However, a Soviet-sponsored coup that toppled the government of. Chambers produced microfilm copies of stolen State Dept. L]hx42U Also produced the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party, which was an integrated alternative to the regular state party organization. A series of projects for peaceful development and stabilization of nations of the region. The first president in a long time without a college education, His cabinet was made up of the old Missouri gang,. Truman soon adopted the containment policy, crafted, On March 12, 1947, Truman requested that the containment policy be, So basically, the doctrine said that the U.S. would aid any power, In Western Europe, France, Italy, and Germany were still in. Cesar Chavez created the United Farm Works (UFW) in 1962 to protect its members, mainly Mexican-Americans in California and Florida (fruit). Trials took place. The member nations drew up a charter similar to that of the old. Outlined a shift in the American position.Called on America to share the burden of containment with its allies, but also said America could no longer rely on other nations to take initiative in resisting communism. The declaration of the SDSs/New Lefts beliefs. Fourteen-year-old Chicagoan Emmett Till is visiting family in Mississippi when he is kidnapped, brutally beaten, shot, and dumped in the Tallahatchie River for allegedly whistling at a white woman. 1 0 obj Du Bois), Shifting approach of mainstream groups (NAACP, NUL), Use of Cold War rhetoric to promote civil rights, Demise of left-leaning organizations (Southern Conference for Human Welfare), Diminishing of efforts from Truman administration, Democrats. America knew that an economically healthy Germany was indispensable, Germany, like Austria, was divided into four occupational zones, In 1948, when the U.S.S.R. choked off all air and railway access to, However, the Allies organized the massive Berlin Airlift to feed. % On Tet, a Vietnamese holiday, the North Vietnamese surprise attack major cities and US military bases. Instructors now have an easy way to collect students online quizzes with the Norton Gradebook without flooding their inboxes with e-mails. Southern Christian Leadership Conference, of which King is made the first president. Students can track their online quiz scores by setting up their own Student Gradebook. General MacArthur landed a brilliant invasion behind enemy forces, An overconfident MacArthur boasted that hed have the. of State George C. Marshall announced plan to provide economic assistance to all European nations that would join in drafting a program for recovery, Russia and eastern satellites rejected, but 16 western European nations joined. US tried to deny their support. Dedicated to the use of nonviolent direct action, CORE initially sought to promote better race relations and end racial discrimination in the United States. The first African-American to be signed into Major League Baseball. Thousands of civil rights workers, black and white, spread though out the south, but primarily in Mississippi, to work on behalf of black voter registration and participation. It became known as the Marshall Plan named after its initiator, the Secretary of State George Marshall. Truman also recognized Israel on its birthday, May 14, 1948. The merged military zones of occupation in Germany by France, US, and Britain into one large West German Republic. Stalin lifted the blockade in spring of 1949. <> They later boast about committing the murder in a Look magazine interview. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! This led to the DNC Chicago Riot: police brutality towards the protesters, leading the protesters to yell the whole world is watching. | Sitemap | Help | Credits | Return to top of page, Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire, to 1763, A New Birth of Freedom: The Civil War, 18611865, What Is Freedom?: Reconstruction, 18651877, Freedoms Boundaries, at Home and Abroad, 18901900, Safe for Democracy: The United States and World War I, 19161920, From Business Culture to Great Depression: The Twenties, 19201932, Fighting for the Four Freedoms: World War II, 19411945, The United States and the Cold War, 19451953, Globalization and Its Discontents, 19892000, September 11 and the Next American Century, Projection of Soviet dominance in eastern Europe, Winston Churchill's "iron curtain" speech, Presidential embrace of containment policy, Division of globe between "free" and "communist", America's ongoing mission to lead, defend "free world", Impact on popular conception of postwar world, Division of Germany into East Germany and West Germany, Establishment of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Obtainment of United Nations authorization, Protracted stalemate; eventual death toll, Inability to see foreign developments on case-by-case basis, Tendency to side with undemocratic regimes, Secret involvement of national security agencies, America as land of pluralism, tolerance, equality, free expression, individual liberty, "Socialized" resources (medicine, housing) as communistic, negation of freedom, Drafting of UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Affirmation of global accountability of nations, Soviet emphasis on social, economic rights, Rapid demobilization; return of soldiers to civilian life, Improve social safety net and living standards, Threat to draft striking railroad workers, Anti-discrimination measures, state and local, Integration of major league baseball; Jackie Robinson, Drive to revive and broaden New Deal coalition, Strom Thurmond and the States' Rights ("Dixiecrat") party, Support from communists; abandonment by liberals, Wide-ranging impact of Cold War on American life, Permanent military-industrial establishment, House Un-American Activities Committee hearings on Hollywood, Pressure to testify about beliefs, "name names", Trial, conviction, and imprisonment of Alger Hiss, Trial, conviction, and imprisonment of Communist Party leaders, Trial, conviction, and execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Emergence with sensational Wheeling speech, Wild allegations regarding disloyalty, communist presence, Breadth of anticommunist crusade around country, Initiatives of government (national, state, and local), Ideological "cleansing" of public libraries, universities, Strength among those of eastern European descent, Discrediting of political, social targets, Republican use of anticommunism to block Truman program, Confinement of social welfare benefits to unionized workers, CIO expulsion of left-wing leaders and unions, Labor's support for Cold War foreign policy, Response of civil rights movement to anticommunist crusade, Outspoken opposition (Paul Robeson, W. E. B. He began implementing policies of land reform and getting rid of foreign-owned businesses and resources so American relations deteriorated. He was a Latino civil rights activist (non-violent but aggressive), largest effort to organize Mexicans in America. from getting work based on their political beliefs, real or suspected. Truman then called for a new program called Point, At home, Truman outlined a sweeping Fair Deal. You have created 2 folders. Kennedy ordered a naval and air blockade around Cuba on Oct. 22. The Supreme Court case established that racial covenants on real estate were unconstitutional based on the 14th Amendment, therefore taking strides to decrease discrimination allowed for by laws. James Meredith becomes the first black student to enroll at the University of Mississippi. When Castro began communicating with the Soviets in 1960 the US cut back the amount of sugar Cuba could export to America at a favored price. When, in 1946, Stalin used his troops to aid a rebel movement in Iran, Truman protested, and the Soviets backed down. Presiding after World War II was Harry S. Truman, who had come to. APUSH Chapter 36 Outline.docx - CHAPTER 36: THE COLD WAR BEGINS Postwar Economic Anxieties Many people feared that WW2 only ended the Great Depression, Many people feared that WW2 only ended the Great Depression temporarily and it would return soon after the war ended ay lmao, Real gross national product slumped (1946-1947) 33% because of removal of price control, 4.6 million laborers went on strike in fear, Taft-Hartley Act (conservative) was against Trumans veto, outlawed closed shops + made unions liable for damages + made union, Taft-Hartley Act slowed union growth, people had trouble forming unions in South and West (historically anti-union regions), CIOs Operation Dixie failed because fear of racial mixing, workers in the service industries (south and west) were harder to, Democratic administration sold war factories and government installments at fire- sale prices, Employment Act (1946) made, government promote max employment + production + purchasing power, Council of Economic Advisers was made, Servicemens Readjustment Act (1944) (GI BIll of Rights) sent veterans to school in fear that the returning 15 million would face, unemployment, most veterans went to technical/vocational schools but 2 million went to colleges/universities, $14.5 billion was spent on education, Veterans Administration (VA) guaranteed $16 billion loans for veterans, Gross national product began to increase 1948, national income doubled 1950s and almost doubled again 1960s, US had 40% of, WW2 led the way for civil rights movement + new welfare programs (Medicare) + American confidence in international leadership, Americans tried to indulge in the boom to make up for the depression, 60% of Americans became middle class, 60% Americans, Women received a lot of economic opportunities, service sector become big and women were of workforce after WW2, traditional, view of women still conflicted with the modern view of women, US was undamaged by WW2, WW2 allowed US to reboot factories and rebuilt economy, US ultimately came out as the victor, Economic prosperity was based off of military budgets (permanent war economy), economy was also fueled by preparations for, Korean War, military budget financed scientific research and development (R and D), US and Europe controlled Middle Eastern petroleum and kept prices low, Americans doubled fuel consumption, increased AC +, Worker productivity increased 3% (due to educated workforce), 90% children went to school, twice as much could be produced and, WW2 population redistribution put strain on families, 30 million people changed residences (1945-1975), Benjamin Spocks, instructed how to parent, friendships were hard to sustain, South/west industry regions (Sunbelt) had population rate double that of old industrial regions in northeast. Nixon had been in the hospaital for 2 weeks, and looked disheveled, whereas JFK was a "Stone Cold Fox". OEO spent nearly $3 billion during its first 2 years of existence. If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form. The SCLC becomes a major force in organizing the civil rights movement and bases its principles on nonviolence and civil disobedience. Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO), created an array of new educational, employment, housing, and health care programs. Alliance between communist governments of Eastern Europe and Soviet Union. To forestall an economic downturn, the Democratic administration. endobj Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. Roosevelt issues Executive Order 8802 on June 25, prohibiting racial discrimination in hiring by federal departments and defense contractors and establishing a Fair Employment Practice Committee (FEPC) to monitor compliance with the order. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders! The Federal Highway Act is signed, marking the beginning of work on the interstate highway system. Kennedy had been planning it in the last months of his life. We hope your visit has been a productive one. Sec. Khrushchev came to the US, but then after he went back to the Soviet Union, announced that a U-2 high-altitude American spy plane had been shot down over Russian Territory, and that its pilot Francis Gary Powers was in captivity, He canceled the Paris meeting and withdrew his invitation to Eisenhower to come to the Soviet Union.

We weren't able to detect the audio language on your flashcards. Robert F. Kennedy was going to be nominated as the candidate, but he was assassinated in the summer before the DNC in August. Provided federal protection for blacks who wanted to register to vote. Republicans won control of the House in 1946 and then nominated, Trumans nomination split the Democratic Party, as Southern. It was passed without active support from the White House by a Democratic Congress and was a weak bill with little methods of enforcement. Critics of Truman assailed that he did not support the nationalists, Then, in September of 1949, Truman announced that the Soviets had, The U.S. exploded the hydrogen bomb in 1952, and the Soviets, An anti-red chase was in full force in the U.S. with the formation, The attorney general also drew up a list of 90 organizations that, In 1949, 11 communists were brought to a New York jury for. function hivelogic_enkoder(){var kode= Also planned out what would become the United Nations. The convention ended up nominating Hubert Humphrey; with no way that hed win (even Democrats were protesting the convention!) Their charges were related to the passing of information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. Was the idea that Communism needed to be contained. "\\eedbac\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\>k\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"\\\\"+ "k+)1+i(tArahc.edok=+x{)2=+i;)1-htgnel.edok(qsFDJnhmsqpjqw7]OzQIL3[)4ls\?rg+5)sL(. By 1960, one out of ever four Americans lived in the suburbs. Reconstruction and Revolution in Asia. ".eelgnhtk?do.ehcratAk(do.eelgnht1-:)'';)=\\\"\\\\deko\\\"=edok\";kode=kode"+ Like NATO. The United States and the Soviet Union, XIV. October 14 aerial photos showed construction of Soviet Missile sites on Cuba. Provided for the construction of 810,000 units of low income housing accompanied by long term rent subsidies. Johnson launched it weeks after taking office. Byron De La Beckwith is tried twice in 1964, both trials resulting in hung juries. Hungarians in 1956 began an uprising demanding democratic reforms. Privacy

Terms. Seach and Seizure without a warrant was declared unconstitutional. Following the attack of US naval destroyers by N. Vietnamese armed fishing ships in the Gulf of Tonkin, which was considered an unprovoked act of war, LBJ asked Congress for a resolution giving him authority to repel armed attacks on US forces. Only 2 senators voted against it. At the end of the war, US, GB, France, and the Soviet Union would hold their own zone of occupation in Germany. Transcontinental television begins with a speech by Pres. John L. Lewis led United Mine Workers out on strike, shutting down coal fields for 40 days. Want to read all 4 pages.

However, in China, the communist forces, led by Mao Zedong. "\\\\ title\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\F=\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"\\"+ Did not come to an agreement. Stalin wanted to install another pro-communist exiled government that had spent the war time in the Soviet Union. The U.N. kept peace in Kashmir and other trouble spots, created the, However, when U.S. delegate Bernard Baruch called in 1946 for a. Labor tried to organize in the South and West with Operation Dixie, but this proved frustrating and unsuccessful. Use of rigid quotas for applicants based on race was not permissible Add to folder[?] -Failed attempt of Unions at expanding into the south and west because: -provided federal funding to some 8 million veterans to go to college, -book created to inform mothers on how to raise their children, The common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care, -Established to propell world trade and regulate currency exchange rates, -gave $400 million to Greece and Turkey who were resisting Communist threats, -project to strengthen European economies to strengthen them against Communism, -reorganized the War Department, creating the CIA, -radio broadcast transmitted to Eastern Europe that were pro-American, -Defensive organization of western countries claiming that an attack on one was an attack on all, -Chinese communist leader, succeeding in overthrowing the nationalist government, -Board created to investigate the loyalty of millions of federal officials, -Bill that Truman vetoed allowing the President to arrest and hold suspicious people during an internal security emergency, -Party of Dixiecrats, or southern democrats after WWII, -program designed to give money and technical help to underdeveloped countries who were vulnerable to communism, -plan by Truman to make internal improvements, -provided public housing in post WWII era, -action that quadrupled america's defense spending in 1950, {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"APUSH Ch. Created by the president, recommended massive spending to try to fix the black ghettoes. On April 17, 1961 2000 armed exiles landed at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba, expecting first American air support, then a spontaneous uprising by the Cuban people in their behalf. Hiss charged Chambers for libel, but failed. Formed after a staged sit-in in Greensboro, NC at segregated Woolworths lunch counter. The American Pageant, 13th Edition Textbook Notes, Traditions and Encounters Chapter 37 Test Bank, World Civilizations: The Global Experience 6th Edition Chapter 31, The Cold War World: Global Politics, Economic Recovery, and Cultural Change, Delta Airlines flight Reservation Help- ticket Booking, Spirit Airlines reservations +1-888-820-1050, Spirit Airlines phone number +1-888-820-1050, Delta Airlines contact number +1-888-820-1050, The Americans cheered the end of World War II in 1945, but many, Upon wars end, inflation shot up with the release of price, To get even with labor, Congress passed the Taft-Hartley Act, which. 2 0 obj

Oct 26, Kennedy received word that the Soviet Ships carrying the missiles would turn around in exchange for the removal of American Missiles from turkey and an agreement not to invade Cuba. ";0 Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. In July 1951, truce discussions began but immediately snagged over the issue of prisoner exchange. It demonstrates the nations general dissatisfaction and the increased vocalization of said dissatisfaction. Truman received critical support from farmers, workers, and blacks. May 2011. "rty 2 Feedback\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"+ Families in New York said the voluntary prayer written by the board went against their religious beliefs, Court ruled that every felony defendant was entitled to a lawyer regardless of his or her ability to pay. The 24th Amendment abolishes the poll tax, which originally had been instituted in 11 southern states after Reconstruction to make it difficult for poor blacks to vote. Declared "separate but equal" facilities inherently unequal and therefore unconstitutional. Riots of 1967 & 68 1967: 8 major outbreaks, largest in Detroit, in which 43 people (33 of them black) died. Strom Thurmond ran as the Presidential Candidate for the Dixiecrats. The conference held at Dumbarton Oaks, a building on Harvard Campus. Course Hero member to access this document, Jefferson Community and Technical College, Chapter 36_ New Conflagrations_ World War II and the Cold War.docx, CBA ESSAY_ Japanese-American Internment..pdf, Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparato HISTORY 101, Jefferson Community and Technical College CIT 171, Columbia Southern University BUSINESS BBA 2150, Washington State University ECONS MISC, Amity Regional Senior High School SOCIAL STU 06487, Paramus Catholic High School HISTORY 550, Copyright 2022. It also passed the Servicemens Readjustment Act of 1944, Then, in the late 1940s and into the 1960s, the economy began to, The middle class more than doubled while people now wanted two cars, Women also reaped the benefits of the postwar economy, growing in. LBJ called it Grandmas night shirt it covered everything.. The second Red Scare was running through the streets of America, an effect of the Cold War Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language, -post WWII law which banned the closed shop, which required all workers at a job to join the union. If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you! Led to fear of nation failing without coal supplies. A supervisory body charged with overseeing all nuclear research, civilian and military alike. It requires government contractors to "take affirmative action" toward prospective minority employees in all aspects of hiring and employment. As a result, Nixon wins the Presidency, promising to withdraw troops but with no plans to continue LBJs Great Society.. 2007 W. W. Norton & Company. In 1948, the U.S. joined Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands. Truman signs Executive Order 9981, which states, "It is hereby declared to be the policy of the President that there shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion, or national origin.".

The boycott helped spur the court case that declared segregation in public transportation illegal. AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more! They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the gay liberation movement (aimed at liberating them from social/political/economic oppression) and the modern fight for gay and lesbian rights in the US. NATOs membership grew to fourteen with the 1952 admissions, General Douglas MacArthur headed reconstruction in Japan and tried. First 3 workers to arrive in Mississippi, Andrew Goodman (w) Michael Schwerner (w) and James Chaney (b) were brutally murdered by the KKK w/ support of local police.

"Policy of the united States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.. by vivsters967, Prevented disproportionate representation being given to rural areas and made that equal to population. This helped in the forming of the European Community (EC). Roosevelt and Churchill supported the claims of the Polish government-in-exile that had been functioning in London since 1940. In response, the U.S.S.R. formed the Warsaw Pact, its own alliance system. However, Stalin had already installed pro-communist government in Poland. R and D, research and development, became an entirely new industry. Choose a Chapter | Purchase the eBook | Podcasts | Freedom Soundtrack. The United Nations opened on April 25, 1945. Innovators like the Levitt brothers, with their monotonous but, Federal agencies aggravated this by often refusing to make loans to, After the war, many soldiers returned to their sweethearts and, As the children grew up collectively, they put strains on. The television show Star Trek gains fame. Truman: the Gutty Man from Missouri, IX. Didnt happen: boats got stuck on the rocks, and they were shot at and captured by the officials (including Castro) vacationing there. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were United States citizens convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage during a time of war, and executed. It was announced to congress by president Harry S. Truman on March 12, 1947 where he promised to protect Greece and Turkey. Their sensational trial, electrocution, and sympathy for their two children began to sober America zeal in red hunting. 4 0 obj Founded in Chicago by James Farmer. "Feedback\\\\\\\\)\\\"\\\\\\\\\\\\;\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"\\\\x;'=;'of(r=i"+ ;var i,c,x;while(eval(kode));}hivelogic_enkoder(); Divided Germany into Western Zones and Eastern Zone. Written at the American Indian Chicago Conference. The scandal should have served as a warning to the public but they still elected Nixon for President later. ~dOv6m[5L/I)y)_~} 3zvKVG$rwdH^!+=Wf?f_8/as#0L+'-yr#b%4[_:^qVC @@ 3oI30H#9I`a45YmXW(\~zw+j[rUjVV~/X_Z'VJSxD/.ak?6_/_|$pajI\'ie:5+2M%^c\YjZoa-is!C hr9YiITu*utZ7Fy~hj5VMJvZT _sfh`OMuwzhw[71Yo>F:U;XF9YJwRV}%hMn3E= t/?l7abXa&zWz~MkuZ}0mDWL1?A=F7=n.-qi"IcU;TC1} In the late 1940s until the early 1950s America was run by fear. End of preview. Early in 1961 as one of his last acts, Eisenhower severed diplomatic relations with Castro which led Cuba to cement an alliance with the Soviet Union. x]. 1962, a group of students gathered in Michigan to form an organization to give voice to their demands: Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), a student radicalism organization determined to build a new politics. After Rosa Parks was arrested because she refused to move from her bus seat to the back of the bus the blacks in Montgomery began a year-long boycott. Also the Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization was an international conference at which the United Nations was formulated and negotiated among international leaders. The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merge making the new AFL-CIO an organization with 15 million members. Court confirmed the obligation of authorities to inform a criminal suspect of his or her rights, Court ruled that a defendant must be allowed access to a lawyer before questioning by police, Imposed limitations on affirmative action "(rsvere). US involvement increases after French are ousted. The first systematic Hollywood blacklist followed after 10 writers and directors refused to testify before the HUAC, they became known as the Hollywood Ten. We'll bring you back here when you are done. Please sign in to share these flashcards. Stonewall Riot-(June 28, 1969) spontaneous and violent demonstrations by the gay community against the police raid that took place early in the morning at the Stonewall Inn (known gay bar), NYC.