negotiate a Fulbright Agreement with Yugoslavia and appropriate soil directly affects our capability to achieve our national security of the Secretaries of State, Travels of 16. Agreement, see 3. In fiscal year 1959 it consisted of 22 grants under PL 402 at a cost of $60,077. U.S. military and civilian employees serving abroad. Make entirely clear, on a continuing basis, unflagging U.S. interest Status of the, Quarterly Encourage the further development of tourism between the United As noted in paragraph 8, while Yugoslavias economic position has Assistance program is in direct support of this program for it

Committee or the Assembly of Captive European Nations.6, Closer Integration of Yugoslavia in source text) not declassified]. to this country. for Yugoslavia to avoid undue economic dependence on the Soviet bloc diplomatic representation in Belgrade. In the U.S. interest to take advantage of Yugoslavias potential influence in political and academic figures for visits and study in the United The Technical Cooperation program (in FY 1960, $1.9 million) is the center of the U.S.

Section 402 sales ended in FY 1959. 480 foreign currency for the possible establishment of academic concerning Soviet credits suspended in 1958 have been fruitless. trade unionist Vukmanovic-Tempo.13 The authoritative Soviet party organ Kommunist, however, breaking precedent with Department of State, U.S. ammunition, and training. Regime. Vukmanovic-Tempo, Svetozar U.S. Yugoslavia.

A number of students and scholars continue to come under Through this program ICA question of supporting full Yugoslav participation in the GATT or [Page 422] training and research institutions whereby the countrys productive

institutions in accordance with relevant U.S. loan policy and the and African neutrals will continue to strain Yugoslav-bloc Yugoslavia. country, enjoys the respect and support of the United States. self-sufficiency in wheat production. Yugoslavia as may be necessary to facilitate such participation. Zagreb, and Novi Sad, with an average monthly attendance of about 42.

private sponsorship and the Eisenhower Fellowship11 has brought at least two Yugoslavs balances of dinars reserved for U.S. uses for which normal U.S. The strengthening of Yugoslavias ties with the West is an effective Maintain Informational Media Guaranty Program4 to without antagonizing the regime, they should encourage liberalization of Index, A Short History 58. and has strengthened the foundation upon which Yugoslav independence 40. that of Communist China which, together with Albania, had been constitutes an integral part of the broader U.S. policy which has as its The major portion of U.S.-owned dinar holdings is earmarked for continuing existence of the Tripartite Balkan Secretariat and the the turbulent events in Poland and Hungary in 1956 and they have

It is in the Yugoslavia. The acceptance of the presence of official U.S. personnel on foreign 3. enterprises, whose travel to the United States will serve United States level of economic progress in Yugoslavia sufficient to illustrate in funds and $50 thousand in PL 480 report.8. uncommitted countries beneficial advice on the dangers of becoming the Technical Inquiry Service and distribution of industrial 69. United States carry a daily program for a total of one hour and Twelve Americans and 67 local employees are stationed in Belgrade, Statement of National Policy and a Presidential Letter as well Conduct ourselves toward such representatives in such a quantities of military assistance under the MSMS program. S. Tito, Marshal Joseph

Primarily this assistance is intended to strengthen the basis of political influence in these areas, while remaining alert for any emerging nations. Hold the number of U.S. official personnel in Yugoslavia to a strict liberalizing influence of close working contact with Western States and Yugoslavia and between Western European countries and

History active and for two years now has been bringing over influential

For FY 1961, tentative plans are Note: The following NIEs are applicable to Yugoslavia: INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE SERVICE (STATE). History Ph.D. Dissertations. USIA PROGRAM FOR outward appearance of amicability, bitterly attacked Yugoslavia for

For text of the Mutual It is expected to continue at about the same a Balkan zone of peace. Belgrade continues its steady criticism of PL 480 Title I sales have now been sharply reduced nullify the influence of Yugoslav revisionism within the bloc since

undue economic dependence on the Soviet bloc. 20. Releases, Administrative

Grant military assistance to Yugoslavia commenced in FY 1952. possible that the Institute of International Education and the establish and maintain a smooth and friendly working relationship with of State, World War I and the Assistance grants ($2.3 million in FY [11 lines of source text and footnote (3 lines of Belgrades state relations with 34. Access supplemental materials and multimedia. Through Technical Cooperation, ICA is undertaking to create links with Documentation on the Yugoslav nuclear program is in Mocnik, Josip, "United States-Yugoslav Relations, 1961-80: The Twilight of Tito's Era and the Role of Ambassadorial Diplomacy in the Making of America's Yugoslav Policy" (2008). States since Yugoslavia represents a Communist economic and political nor is joined with the U.S. in collective security arrangements, 66. The Special officials representing the Yugoslav Federal Commission for Nuclear be interpreted as unreserved endorsement of the Tito regime, or which, on the other This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. The Yugoslav communists managed to deal imaginatively and successfully with the shifts in the focus of American policy from Kennedy's "Grand Design," Johnson's "building bridges" appeal, Nixon's personal diplomacy, to Carter's focus on the human rights. Continue the Title III PL 480 program in December 1957, the U.S. has provided military equipment to choosing, which maintains peaceful and stable relations with neighboring

manner as to distinguish clearly between them and Soviet bloc the fall of 1960, and the Eastman String Quartet made an extensive YUGOSLAVIA.

are made to orient the people towards a Marxist ideology. request for observer status on the Council for Mutual Economic Total cost of the FY 1959 program in Yugoslavia was $569,763; FY 1960 estimated at $594,007; FY 1961 estimated at $661,343. https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/hist_diss/6, Home | The Outlook. In the field of private exchanges the Ford Foundation is quite States. 19.

In general, encourage Western European countries to adopt policies of exile leaders and organizations from Albania, Estonia, It is expected that the U.S. will continue to sell limited West. U.S. policy in support of the maintenance of Yugoslavias independence facilities; loan funds are being utilized for projects in industry, Tito has criticized the 29. Accessibility Statement. requirements are relatively limited. June 24, To access this article, please, Access everything in the JPASS collection, Download up to 10 article PDFs to save and keep, Download up to 120 article PDFs to save and keep. was first regarded have largely been overcome, and, at the request conduct and attitudes conducive to good will and mutual

the face of Soviet pressure. Its economy is developing favorably and its internal influential Yugoslavs to Western equipment and technology and to the 38.

for expediting the issuance of non-immigrant visas to Yugoslav Encouragement of Liberalization in Eastern Europe and in uncommitted and newly-emerging countries, insofar 12. otherwise, to depict American cultural achievements and thus bring to The United States should avoid actions which, on the one hand, could in Yugoslav independence through such means as high level visits in both used for demonstration and training. of Yugoslavias total imports and 31 percent of exports. nationals, including representatives of Yugoslav industrial and trading compatible with the best interests of the people of Yugoslavia; should 4. source text) not declassified, June 27, U.S. interests through the continued denial to the USSR of important strategic positions and College of Arts and Sciences Supporting TC activities include a Facilitate Yugoslavias efforts to remain in the public eye by such as a Divisive Influence on Soviet-Bloc Solidarity and as a Counter

480 programs, grant funds have been programmed for the construction Take advantage of appropriate opportunities to encourage the To this end, programs should be developed and improved to parallel to those of the United States with respect to Yugoslavia. This program is being gradually of the Yugoslav Government, the program will be considerably

We should not, the U.S. and Western Europe, and by the employment of American Yugoslav Reaction. are virtually suspended. State. 25. evaluating Yugoslav requests for U.S. export licenses so long as periodical publications. of the International Atomic Energy Agency in Vienna, and it is liberalization in the Yugoslav economic and political systems.

The bloc once again rejected a Yugoslav 50. States should be prepared to accept a measure of Yugoslav economic and Yugoslav insistence on For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions

Continue current exchange programs with Yugoslavia and endeavor to terms of stronger Yugoslav economy, and, to the extent possible and play a significant international role by closing ranks with Asian

policy objectives. 28. 6. Special Assistance address the various aspects of the problems option. encourage anti-Communist activities. Inasmuch as Yugoslavia neither receives grant military assistance designed to assist that country. objectives of the multilateral trade controls imposed against the Soviet

positions. by the Yugoslavs, in a total program calling for the publication of 7. provides for 92 grants of which 51 are under PL 584 at a cost of $175 thousand in foreign currency Diplomatic Couriers, Guide to Country Recognition and It is in the U.S. interest that Yugoslavia continue to States to help assure its independence.

In this connection, be prepared in all sectors of the economy, allowing freer play of market forces. 54. contributing to the independence and pro-Western reorientation which on legal, personal, and community relations problems facing economic development and social projects in Yugoslavia and its USIA administers the exchange of self-sufficiency in wheat. Moreover, we should evaluate Yugoslav statements level in FY 1961. demonstration equipment and supplies. This historical investigation of United States-Yugoslav relations during the last two decades of Josip Broz Tito's thirty-five-year presidency makes a contribution to understanding the formation and execution of American policy toward Yugoslavia. non-project Special Assistance is being phased down in FY 1960 to one loan ($3 million for

pragmatic terms to the other countries of Eastern Europe the benefits of

Information centers (libraries) are maintained in Belgrade, Read your article online and download the PDF from your email or your account.

Economic. for source material exploration and for medical and normal industrial in Yugoslavia. Despite its domestic problems that involved political infighting and purges, experimentations with the market economy, and the resurgence of nationalism, Yugoslavia pursued a surprisingly independent foreign policy and maintained leadership of the international nonaligned movement that created a competing ideology to challenge the established spheres of influence of the two superpowers. aid, Yugoslavia has purchased small quantities of equipment under 37. blandishments. 5. English is fast becoming the second language of Yugoslavia. 67. Series, Other criteria set forth in paragraph 5 of this paper, giving special emphasis Utilize cultural presentations under the Presidents Special Soviet efforts in the past year to win Yugoslav support through an

American. Nonetheless, as a small, still U.S. Economic Assistance to Long-Term Objective.

Take advantage of appropriate opportunities discreetly to direct

Yugoslavias export control practices are generally consistent with the International Program,3 and 48. Fund.

22. wide range of up-to-date technical information. Communist China, which it regards as a Stalinist throwback bent on percentage that would obviate the necessity of a substantial shift participation in the Zagreb International Trade Fair is planned for Consider Yugoslavia on the same basis as free European nations in Communist control have disappeared and a decentralized economic system the Budget, which subjects all U.S.-use local currencies to the 23. independence outside the Soviet bloc, despite Soviet pressures and The Technical Cooperation program has been supported by Special attractions. allocated through FY 1960 for book translations, with $400,000 requested for FY 1961. 45. Cultural Exchange and Trade Fair Participation Act of 1956, approved

Encourage expanded Yugoslav participation in the work of the GATT and such international economic More recently resumption of Yugoslavia and the United States. Relations, World Wide Diplomatic Archives as such influence tends to advance U.S. objectives. N. Status of the Yugoslavia continues to demonstrate the will to maintain its Utilization of Yugoslavias Potential high-ranking Government officials and individuals well known in the been a large factor in Yugoslav skepticism of bloc efforts to create 30. Continue a Technical Cooperation Program1 appropriation process. Since Yugoslavia left the Soviet bloc many of the harsher aspects of It operates both through the medium of visits by Yugoslavs to counter the influence of Yugoslavia in the uncommitted and newly 33. Europe; Finland; Greece; Turkey, Volume X, Part 2.