The data is then transferred from the buffer to a disk. Number .pH change, Decide which of the following combinations will result in a buffering solution, and which will not when equal volumes of each are mixed. How many grams of solid ammonium chloride woul. By using our site, you In a single buffer, when a process wants to access an I/O request, the data is stored in a section of the system memory. 's' : ''}}. Calculate the pH of the following buffered solution: 0.10 M acetic acid / 0.25 M sodium acetate (Ka of acetic acid = 1.8 x 10^-5) 2. 0000014452 00000 n A buffer is a storage device that makes up for differences in the rate of data flow from one device to another. [[; X{ree ^>6yef M-Vv>"iJ\5ci{v(/;*p'$iuuwR/0te/"% 2v'R@C |JP0OG\s#.aY"tzp~]-Xt%Wm<7L+L=BC If one's internet connection is not strong enough to stream the video in real-time, video buffering may occur. Memory Segmentation Overview & Purpose | What is Memory Segmentation? 0000011171 00000 n Memory Coherence & Consistency: Functionality & Examples, System Calls: Function, Importance & Categories, Disk Performance: Importance, Parameters & Improvement. Information and Communications Technology, Bye Bye Boss, Hello Office of the Future: 2022 Coronavirus Edition. This means the data is stored temporarily until it is physically saved to the hard disk by the user. 0000003419 00000 n When large data files are transferred between devices, the data is broken into small fragments. You wish to prepare an HC2H3O2 buffer with a pH of 4.34. Buffers overlap the input and output of one job, but spools overlap the input and output of two different jobs, Spooling is considered more efficient since it can overlap the processing of two different jobs simultaneously, Buffers use a portion of a device's main memory, but spooling uses a disk, which acts as a large buffer, Single buffering (one buffer): the operating system provides one buffer to the main memory system, Double buffering (two buffers): using two buffers to overlap I/O and speed up computer processing, one buffer processes data while the other receives data, Circular buffering (more than two buffers): occurs when more than two buffers are used in a priority-based queue.
I feel like its a lifeline. 18 0 obj Input/output buffering, or IO buffering, is a type of buffering that occurs between a processor (which produces the data) and a peripheral device (which receives the data) in order to smooth out the difference in rates at which the devices can receive and process data. Search inside this book for more research materials. Silos. Buffering also may occur when the speed at which a router sends video content to internet-connected devices is not fast enough. Is it a buffer? By: Justin Stoltzfus Video buffering is when a computer's memory is used to store graphics information as it moves from the video card to the display screen. ''Streaming'' is transmitting continuous video material over a computer network. The buffer receives, manipulates, and reassembles these fragments, allowing for files of any size to be transferred effectively. Buffering is when a device's memory is used to store information as it moves from the video card to the display screen. We aim to be a site that isn't trying to be the first to break news stories, 0000002608 00000 n
- Examples & Eye Tracking, What is Eye Tracking? Buffering is ideal for video streaming because it preloads the required data needed for playback, while with spooling you will have to wait until all the data has been downloaded before it begins to playback the video. 0000016534 00000 n
It helps devices to manipulate data before sending or receiving. The most common example of spooling is printing. Video buffering occurs commonly when streaming videos, such as YouTube videos. 0000009755 00000 n
Streaming allows the video to start before all of the data is received. 0000006757 00000 n
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However, not all of the data is required to be downloaded before the video begins. There are three types of I/O buffering techniques used by operating systems: single buffering, double buffering, and circular buffering. What is a buffer? 4 0 obj Streaming is transmitting continuous video material over a computer network and allows playback to begin before all data is received. A packet buffer is memory space set aside for storing packets awaiting transmission over networks or storing packets received over networks. All rights reserved. The three main I/O buffering techniques are: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. 0000001200 00000 n
endstream The second buffer is not filled until the first buffer transfers data to the disk. What is Buffering ?In Buffering, Whether the communication is direct or indirect, message exchanged by communicating processes reside in a temporary queue. 0000024512 00000 n
- Devices, Properties & Fundamentals, What is Hypermedia? Editorial Review Policy. This means that the data called by the system is a copy of the data in the buffer, regardless of subsequent changes to the buffer. Spooling, or Simultaneous Peripheral Operation Online, is used to temporarily store specific data as well, but it allows multiple computations to overlap others at the same time. Read and write operations are performed in a pipeline manner in individual memory modules. G!wbHn\-M;q [q},PZe@%M}. ;Gnuvd9~Yc`H[W9>KC($l(0jH%4ZTCC"`D"%,R2)Sn{X[+w;:Vt,8x!eq>JJJK+)9:ppo_qyI%D]'cccgr:wlLHrtntrisu??0x/T_tZ.WRBR^kA!(KPaF Q26KiN%xTxd-Q#&NQnacnF_>@D\p
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o?h Video buffering occurs when a computer's memory is used to store graphics data as the information is transferred between the video card and display screen. 2 0 obj Come write articles for us and get featured, Learn and code with the best industry experts. Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 Test marketing is a method that aims to explore consumer response to a product or marketing campaign by making it available on a limited basis to test markets before a wider release. I/O buffering requires an input device and an output device. A double buffer allows for two buffers to be used so that one buffer can be processed while information is being pushed into the second one. For example, the transmission speed of a modem is significantly slower than the transmission speed of a hard disc. A buffer is used when moving data between processes within a computer. 0000003647 00000 n
0.755M HI + 1.51 M KOH, What is the pH of a 0.05 M solution of TRIS acid (pKa=8.3)? 0000008383 00000 n
Packet buffers are normally located in receiving devices, although in some cases they are used in sending devices to permit the rapid selection and retransmission of packets requested by devices on the receiving end. Customer intelligence (CI) is the process of collecting and analyzing detailed customer data from internal and external sources All Rights Reserved, Spooling is mainly used as a large buffer for tasks or jobs that are to be completed at a later time. Please use ide.geeksforgeeks.org, Stay ahead of the curve with Techopedia! Do Not Sell My Personal Info, 42 (h2g2, meaning of life, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy), Information Technology Amendment Act 2008 (IT Act 2008), Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS), performance and accountability reporting (PAR). Cookie Preferences Spooling is an acronym known as Simultaneous Peripheral Operation Online and is used to temporarily store specific data in a very similar way that a buffer does. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. It is also beneficial to limit the number of streaming devices on your network. The purpose of network buffering is listed below. /Im4 18 0 R /Im5 20 0 R /Im1 8 0 R /Im2 12 0 R /Im3 14 0 R >> >> Looking for research materials? 0#}KK 6=`9xwB`sk}BbPyfz6?gaLzt }yRzAJV/Q. This technically makes spooling more efficient than buffering since it can do multiple things at once, but they both have their purposes and ideal situations. #:SFsKJUMuMmmmwwH4mr7qt>MqrVhwE}yOBM?WRAA%wx% h(2/C>7yN^;|G}/_kiXI]CkrNNc?YV7Z4[4[7[4AET,-:=/oiX6XO(6
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Spooling stands for '' simultaneous peripheral operations online''. After clicking play, the video may not immediately begin. Stephen is a technology and electronics expert who has a passion for the work that he does. 0000017846 00000 n
Performance and accountability reporting (PAR) is the process of compiling and documenting factors that quantify an Chief human resources officer (CHRO) is a top-level management executive in charge of an organization's employees. 0000006017 00000 n
copyright 2003-2022 Study.com. Once enough of the data has been downloaded, the YouTube video will begin. The first thing that may come to mind when you hear the word buffer is probably related to watching videos on YouTube or live streams from Netflix or Hulu. |(/<5W}O8GUwnq0N' J:J
vjk~]#"#Sh*62)64.(Ae`$vjlL:wSZzMSXDXSS{swCPPgAn1a ``cm{C++Ohu}{{Yi]g,:-l/2IW|q]]INu-V:}4R{SRVQP8F:z m)(7(7.
M ;&Yb~(^d%%Y^)>f]k|B^gqNzA9Qccw~Svg6u6DVu&&uzf-.-S}a;=>ww:VmjkD to+((`2JC[Fg yz'aap!#o\d 5A`SKRQi0"HP#X1cj^ddRPjfYjbZbfYQYU_i4v!9z[oWmM. Buffering supports copy semantics, the way data is ''copied'' at one location and ''pasted'' into another. 0000006225 00000 n
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3tc`](. For example, a hard disk has to store the file received from the modem. For example, a printer can receive multiple print jobs at once in a queue without interrupting what the user is doing on the computer because the spooler is taking care of all that in the background. Hannah is a graduate of DePaul University in Chicago, IL with a BS in Biological Sciences and a minor in Journalism. Imagine a world where computers are far less efficient, and things are not as lovely as they are today. - Definition & Concept. 
Do0\!UG&U#C8' C`j]Y1I85!wP)w9=4~GE/2dn?Go{ /Cs2 10 0 R >> /Font << /TT1 11 0 R /TT2 16 0 R /TT3 17 0 R >> /XObject << B#oD%:fLqY6^i_HO}Pzb,Mt9P[vt',Kqw%V[7_Yy[ZwJ)b$.^T+`?mk-!58oCCx7(QHfw'?~#)w Newly arrived packets are rejected when the buffer is full. Talent management is a process used by companies to optimize how they recruit, train and retain employees. Input/Output buffering used in operating systems is another method of temporarily storing data between the CPU and some external device, such as a microphone or a webcam. @{93;7Mf83[N|09`r1f_M|::L=O$lZfMMCV$idis8MG**[@(rGZ5lm}:eO]0 xfN@Kvu9"CE"L' YrREsY&:e>3G]Myk]=>yQvp
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J5G;V yJ/ `cYaNKT5*Pl[#(cCI %>\lIc{]'&#se[r:X#ljxQN[[%:`n@A29}$ Since her graduation in 2017, she has been involved in various ecological research projects in Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Alaska, and Massachusetts. Her areas of interest include marine biology, ecology, genetics, and environmental science. Data Breach Response: 5 Essential Steps to Recovery, Robotic Process Automation: What You Need to Know, 4 Common Machine Learning Pitfalls and How To Avoid Them, 7 Sneaky Ways Hackers Can Get Your Facebook Password, Multimodal Learning: A New Frontier in Artificial Intelligence. Buffers also support copy semantics. - Definition & History, TExES Science of Teaching Reading (293): Practice & Study Guide, Understanding the Scientific Methods for Research, Bliss by Katherine Mansfield: Characters & Quotes, Hemoglobin: Structure, Function & Impairment, John F. 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The output device is the computer. stream 0000001686 00000 n A buffer in a computer environment means that a set amount of data is going to be stored in order to preload the required data right before it gets used by the CPU. If the pKa of is 4.74, what ratio of \frac{C2H3O2 ^ -}{HC2H3O2} must you use? x[y$vb[] z{HU{^$ $@w8;1Vg~ufvSqM_~}G_wH@^AK]xmC{7.!aM]8tmNeuCg^}'yuru\V )GUv.k?m*g*YIh When transferring data from the modem to the hard disc, the buffer receives and stores the data before transferring it in a single operation. Differences between internet buffering and spooling: What is input/output buffering? 72 lessons, {{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | Writing code in comment? Implementation is the execution or practice of a plan, a method or any design, idea, model, specification, standard or policy for First call resolution (FCR) is when customer service agents properly address a customer's needs the first time they call. Buffers manipulate data in order to match the speeds and transfer sizes of two devices (device sending and device receiving). Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Network buffering is an all-encompassing term that refers to all buffering over a computer network. Spooling overlaps the input and output of two different jobs while buffering overlaps the input and output of the same job. What is the pH of this solution? i|+Wn45J;yK=}._G]:?txKn/M7,/6n=~'xv)>~BVP?HH|;rlKhHhsU\"8id[fS^mmHKc3^>/_ The buffer allows each device or process to operate without being held up by the other. That is because the video file data has not finished downloading completely. 0000098141 00000 n For example, text editor programs store the content into a buffer before being saved onto the hard disk. Buffering helps devices with different data transfer sizes adapt to one another. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> We live in a connected world. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. There are three different types of input and output buffering techniques: single buffer, double buffer, and circular buffer. but instead help you better understand technology and we hope make better decisions as a result. The buffer first receives data from a modem, a hardware device that converts data from a digital format into a different, transmittable format. Z__u #_:lWhnEr.7e2u3"^PaWL,\D]YYu5%_TY[;w],-k&aySS>~"iZIi'NNgNGN'vv=/g]".2Wy ^OHAB|E*2;~!{|Yje$4b$4\B#FCGq1~AcAaQcPSppDbUe | Contributor, Reviewer, By: Doug Kersten (Assume complete dissociation of NaCN.) Buffering provides the necessary time to synchronize packets and request and replace those lost during transmission. Internet buffering is often confused with ''spooling'' (simultaneous peripheral operations online). 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Input devices are the hardware that sends data to a computer allowing one to interact with and control it. Concurrency & Mutual Exclusion in Operating Systems, Layered Operating System: Architecture, Approach & Structure, What is Memory Partitioning? Video buffering occurs in many different situations. We already know that a buffer is a process that temporarily stores data to a reserved area of memory right before use. Buffer is a region of memory used to temporarily hold data while it is being moved from one place to another. aCE17swK$'M+mN;v89qrrquqq /AoA?y +Yq\ stream 0000014979 00000 n acknowledge that you have read and understood our, GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam, Network Devices (Hub, Repeater, Bridge, Switch, Router, Gateways and Brouter), Types of area networks - LAN, MAN and WAN, Transmission Modes in Computer Networks (Simplex, Half-Duplex and Full-Duplex), Implementation of Diffie-Hellman Algorithm. Copyright 2022 Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter! Buffering aids in matching the speeds of the different devices: the device sending the data and the device receiving the data. | {{course.flashcardSetCount}} - History & Explanation, Eligibility Requirements for the NDA Entrance Exam, CBEST Score Information: Passing & Average Scores, Tech and Engineering - Questions & Answers, Health and Medicine - Questions & Answers, What masses of HCN and NaCN should you use to prepare the buffer? | Chief Information Security Officer. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. << /Length 19 0 R /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 131 /Height 130 /Interpolate While a packet is written to some other memory module, newly arrived packets are written in modules that are not currently being accessed. Thread Computing Process & Examples | What is a Thread in Programming? 0000012630 00000 n 6 0 obj Network functions virtualization (NFV) is a network architecture model designed to virtualize network services that have Data compliance is a process that identifies the applicable governance for data protection, security, storage and other A crypto wallet (cryptocurrency wallet) is software or hardware that enables users to store and use cryptocurrency. Hannah has also worked for four years as a science tutor and interned at Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History in 2018. Spools also store jobs for the device until the device is ready to receive it. Packets are stored temporarily during the transmission of information to create a reserve for use during packet transmission delays or during a retransmission request. The buffer preloads required data before it is used by the central processing unit of the computer. Altug's Coffee Shop decides to install an automatic coffee vending machine outside one of its stores to reduce the number of people standing in line inside. 0000013829 00000 n lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Like a cache, a buffer is a "midpoint holding place" but exists not so much to accelerate the speed of an activity as to support the coordination of separate activities. 0000088993 00000 n To prevent video buffering make sure that you have strong internet connection. The total amount of data buffered is the aggregate buffering capacity of every memory module. - Definition & Systems, What Is Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP)? How does input/output buffering work? Despite similarities with internet buffering, or network buffering, spooling is slightly different. How many total milliliters of 1M NaOH can you add to a solution in problem 6 ( above) and still have a good buffer that is, within 1 pH uni, 1. endobj It helps the devices with different data transfer size to get adapted to each other. This transfer is not simultaneous. Devices all run and interact with each other at different speeds, and the buffer helps these devices talk to each other at data speeds they all can handle. 0000002374 00000 n A parallel packet buffer incorporates an individual dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) memory module in order to emulate a common memory buffer, where every module has the same size, data width and access time. j/t@~,EL1|r0`]nA} Q{x3 08Aw>fKpfaLys@?v:)}~ lM|U(g"cWyG}!ZViefdEHH77/z2^G+*eE_E80&B{^`JpGcg&&# Spooling is therefore better for printing documents, as it can run multiple instances at once without conflicting with the user environment. A printer queues tasks (documents to print) in the SPOOL. Privacy Policy 0000002836 00000 n endobj 5 0 obj When watching a video on YouTube, a buffer serves as a temporary storage space for data required to watch the video. Not fun to think about, is it? Single buffering uses one buffer. 3wl?~Ky@ - +?M8 4Gb~-`~(~+ MJ\'0fW[:wMr]kI !Op4/j3=z[wR~A;49n:04Z }7I^xL>rp JIZzSaE7~~oNqf$o HXy>dAH*0ao>W_M](nL$!8SW{_[w];vgG_~7$Fc#z`\h9x%:4w{F**i7K5V}rUGB6I(w.L~/_X{{/8r;F]vB+X0i\~r$>=A{]fEB#~e/?8xRrJJ#;}#nWGA;qQ'zaG+V=\+kp:]_q _4ivu)._J=y"GF%-M ~^5m>|"o/_`W=Xp%a\'=Xv{q^,QQ]h?/n\!gKw/ By clicking sign up, you agree to receive emails from Techopedia and agree to our Terms of Use & Privacy Policy.
T(@,g? Packets for every application are multiplexed into single streams. The buffer holds the video file's data as it downloads. Hb```f`` @QCcS_00}:!f!h+yU|l}r[v[k=zwM3=j]jeK>_ax-3I|}IQ:":::@4[ 9 N(Hl32 (N[Eb'U0c2b1Wi V7(fH@s 2gy2t0,e|Q26CRo0R4f8+:q*GwHa#f`'b20o .. Video buffering often occurs while streaming video content. Spooling allows multiple computations to overlap others at the same time. What is video buffering?
Difference between Synchronous and Asynchronous Transmission, Difference between Input Conditioning and Output Conditioning Unit. While buffering may seem annoying, it is a necessary evil. An accepted packet remains in the buffer until an application retrieves it. 61 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 63 /H [ 1200 486 ] /L 245913 /E 125576 /N 6 /T 244575 >> endobj xref 61 38 0000000016 00000 n Common examples of input devices include game controllers, webcams, and microphones. Pipelined and simultaneous access to individual memory modules boosts aggregate bandwidth, reducing loads in individual memory. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}}, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Input, Processing, Output & Feedback: Information System Components, System Bus in Computers: Definition & Concept, Classifying Peripheral Devices of a Computer, Hardware Abstraction: Definition & Purpose, Buffering in Computers: Definition, Purpose & Strategies, Polling, Interrupting & DMA as Device Intercommunication Methods, Systems Software: Utility Software, Device Drivers and Firmware, Required Assignments for Computer Science 305, Computer Science 220: Fundamentals of Routing and Switching, Computer Science 331: Cybersecurity Risk Analysis Management, Computer Science 310: Current Trends in Computer Science & IT, Computer Science 332: Cybersecurity Policies and Management, Computer Architecture: PCs, Workstations & Mobile Devices, Voice User Interface: Definition & Technology, What is a Heat Map? Search our database for more, Full text search our database of 168,400 titles for. Input/output buffering, also referred to as IO buffering, requires an input and output device. In double buffering, one buffer processes data while the other buffer receives data. *_] Accepted packets are placed into logical first in, first out (FIFO) queues, where each application has its own queue in packet buffers. 0000014957 00000 n Video Buffers Overview & Strategies | What is Buffering? 0000004203 00000 n A buffer loads required data before it is used by the central processing unit of the computer. Mehmet Altug charges $3.50 per cup. You are asked to prepare 4.0 L of a HCN/NaCN buffer that has a pH of 9.49 and an osmotic press, Calculate the change in pH when 52.00 mL of a 0.575 M solution of NaOH is added to 1.00 L of a solution that is 1.00 M in sodium acetate and 1.00 M in acetic acid. D'xg\|9hhkijh5*m=}j@ Circular buffering is used when there are more than two buffers and uses a priority-based queue that gives the higher demanding jobs first access. @V"o s endstream endobj 98 0 obj 366 endobj 63 0 obj << /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Thumb 41 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 /Resources 64 0 R /Parent 59 0 R /Contents [ 72 0 R 76 0 R 78 0 R 80 0 R 82 0 R 84 0 R 88 0 R 90 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 64 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 85 0 R /TT2 68 0 R /TT4 65 0 R /TT6 70 0 R /TT8 74 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 95 0 R >> >> endobj 65 0 obj << /Subtype /TrueType /FontDescriptor 69 0 R /BaseFont /BGBBLK+TimesNewRoman,BoldItalic /Widths [ 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 389 389 278 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /Type /Font /FirstChar 65 /LastChar 116 >> endobj 66 0 obj << /FontFile2 96 0 R /CapHeight 656 /Ascent 891 /Flags 34 /ItalicAngle 0 /Descent -216 /XHeight 0 /FontName /BGBBLM+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2000 1026 ] /Type /FontDescriptor /StemV 160 >> endobj 67 0 obj << /FontFile2 92 0 R /CapHeight 656 /Ascent 891 /Flags 34 /ItalicAngle 0 /Descent -216 /XHeight 0 /FontName /BGBBLI+TimesNewRoman /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2000 1007 ] /Type /FontDescriptor /StemV 94 >> endobj 68 0 obj << /Subtype /TrueType /FontDescriptor 67 0 R /BaseFont /BGBBLI+TimesNewRoman /Widths [ 250 0 0 500 0 833 0 0 333 333 0 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 0 564 0 0 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 0 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 722 0 333 0 333 0 500 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 480 0 480 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /Type /Font /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 146 >> endobj 69 0 obj << /FontFile2 94 0 R /CapHeight 0 /Ascent 891 /Flags 98 /ItalicAngle -15 /Descent -216 /FontName /BGBBLK+TimesNewRoman,BoldItalic /FontBBox [ -547 -307 1206 1032 ] /Type /FontDescriptor /StemV 133 >> endobj 70 0 obj << /Subtype /TrueType /FontDescriptor 66 0 R /BaseFont /BGBBLM+TimesNewRoman,Bold /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0 333 333 0 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 500 0 333 0 0 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 0 0 0 778 389 0 778 667 0 0 778 611 778 722 0 667 0 722 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 0 0 0 0 1000 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /Type /Font /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 151 >> endobj 71 0 obj 1714 endobj 72 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 71 0 R >> stream